1. Basic Standards & Grades (GB/T 8263 Abrasion Resistant White Cast Iron)
Akajairika magiredhi anowirirana emaindasitiri liners:
Cr15 → KmTBCr15Mo (15% chromium molybdenum yakakwira chromium iron iron)
Cr20 → KmTBCr20Mo (20% chromium molybdenum high chromium cast iron)
Cr26 → KmTBCr26 (26% high chromium cast iron, yakaderera kana zero molybdenum)
Yakajairwa Kemikari Yakaumbwa (Chikamu cheMisa)
表格
| Material Giredhi | Cr | C | Mo | Si | Mn | Kusachena P/S | Cr/C Reshiyo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cr15 | 14.0~18.0% | 2.8~3.4% | 0.4~0.8% | 0.4~1.0% | 0.5~1.2% | Zvishoma pane kana kuenzana ne0.05% | 4.5~6 |
| Cr20 | 18.0~22.0% | 2.7~3.3% | 0.5~1.0% | 0.4~1.0% | 0.5~1.2% | Zvishoma pane kana kuenzana ne0.05% | 5~7 |
| Cr26 | 24.0~28.0% | 2.2~3.0% | 0.3~0.6% | 0.3~0.9% | 0.4~1.0% | Zvishoma pane kana kuenzana ne0.04% | 6~8 |
Musimboti wakakosha: Yepamusoro chromium yemukati inogadzira yakawanda M₇C₃ chromium carbide yakaoma zvikamu. A Cr/C reshiyo pakati pe4 ne8 inovimbisa yunifomu uye inoenderera mberi kugovera carbide, kuenzanisa kupfeka kuramba uye kuoma.
2. Metallographic Structure & Mechanical Property Comparison
Zvese zvinhu zvitatu zvinosanganisira tempered martensite, M₇C₃ yakaoma carbides uye madiki akachengetwa austenite. Hurema hudiki hwecarbides hunosvika paHV1800~2200, huchishanda semasakara akasimba-anoshingirira.
Performance Parameters Mushure me Standard Heat Treatment
表格
| Performance Index | Cr15 Liner | Cr20 Liner | Cr26 Liner |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rockwell Hardness HRC | 58~61 | 59~62 | 60~65 |
| Impact Kusimba k (J/cm²) | Yakakura kudarika kana kuenzana na7 | Yakakura kudarika kana kuenzana na8 | Yakakura kudarika kana kuenzana ne8.5 |
| M₇C₃ Carbide Volume Fraction | 22%~28% | 28%~35% | 35%~45% |
| Relative Wear Service Hupenyu (Benchmark) | 100% (Reference) | 140%~180% | 220%~300% |
| Erosion & Corrosion Resistance | Avhareji | Kugona | Excellent |
| Maximum Thermal Fatigue Operating Temp | Zvisingasviki kana zvakaenzana ne300 degree | Zvisingasviki kana zvakaenzana ne350 degree | Zvisingasviki kana zvakaenzana ne400 degree |
Misiyano muPerformance Logic
Cr15: Yakaderera chromium yemukati ine shoma carbides. Kuomarara kwakaderera zvishoma asi mutengo wakaderera wezvinhu. Yakanakira-abrasion kushanda mamiriro ane mutengo wakanyanya.
Cr20: Chiyero chechromium chiri pakati nepakati nekutengeserana kwakagadziridzwa-kubviswa pakati pekusapfeka, kusimba uye mutengo. Iyo mainstream liner zvinhu zvakagamuchirwa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri esimende uye emigodhi.
Cr26: High chromium content inowedzera carbide proportion, kuendesa top-tier hardness, wear resistance, high-temperature resistance and acid{3}}alkali erosion resistance. The chete drawback yakakwirira mbishi mutengo.
3. Standard Heat Treatment Process (Yakakosha kuHupenyu Hwebasa)
Kuzadza kudzima uye kudzikisira maitiro anosungirwa kune yakakwira chromium liner. Sezvo{{1}ma-cast liner anosvika paHRC40~46 chete, asingachapfeki ari pasi pe60% yezvigadzirwa zvinodzikiswa-zvinodzikiswa.
Cr15 (KmTBCr15Mo) Kudzima: Bata pa940 ~ 980 dhigirii kwe2 ~ 4 maawa, inotonhorera neyakatsaurirwa quenchant; Kudzikamisa: Kudzikira-tembiricha pa220~280 dhigirii kwe3~6 maawa kuti ubvise kushushikana kwemukati; Kuoma kwekupedzisira HRC Yakakura kupfuura kana kuenzana ne59.
Cr20 (KmTBCr20Mo) Kudzima: Bata pa980 ~ 1030 dhigirii kwe2 ~ 5 maawa; Kudzikamisa: Kudzikira-kupisa pa230~290 degrees; Zvakanyanya kuoma HRC60~62.
Cr26 (KmTBCr26) Kudzima: Bata pa1010 ~ 1060 dhigirii kwe3 ~ 6 maawa kuti upedze zvizere yechipiri carbides; Kupisa: Bata pa 250 ~ 300 dhigirii kwe4 ~ 8 maawa; Kuomarara kwakagadzikana pamusoro peHRC62. Tembiricha inogona kukwidziridzwa zvishoma kuitira{11}}matembiricha emhando yepamusoro kuti kuwedzere kugadzikana.
Maitiro Taboos: Yechisikigo kutonhora kwemhepo kudzima uye kupisa pamusoro pe400 dhigirii kunorambidzwa zvakanyanya, izvo zvinoderedza zvakanyanya kuoma uye kuramba abrasion.
4. Inoshanda Mamiriro Ekushanda, Equipment & Materials kune Imwe neimwe Liner Giredhi
4.1 Cr15 High Chromium Liner (Giredhi rehupfumi)
Zvishandiso Zvishandiso: Low abrasion, zvigayo zvidiki-diameter ball, soft raw materials, intermittent production Equipment: Zvigayo zvebhora diki Φ Zvisingasviki kana kuenzana ne2.4m, zvigayo zvemarasha, zvigayo zvejecha diki, -erosion chutes Raw Materials: Marasha, limeyres epakati uye mamwe mashale Zvakanakira: Mutengo wekutenga wakaderera, uremu, mari shoma yekutsiva Zvakaipa: Hupenyu hwesevhisi hupfupi pasi pe-simbi yakaoma uye inoramba ichishanda-yakatakura zvinhu; Haikodzere kukuya kwemvura ine acidic slurry Inotarisirwa Hupenyu Hwebasa: 3 ~ 5 makore, akaenzana ne60% ~ 70% chete hupenyu hwesevhisi yeCr20 liners pasi pemamiriro akafanana.
4.2 Cr20 Yakakwira Chromium Liner (Universal Mainstream Giredhi, Yepamusoro Musika Mugove)
Mamiriro Anoshanda: Kupwanya kwepakati, kuoma & kunyorova zvakapetwa kaviri{{0}chinangwa, simende/mamiriro ekushanda mumigodhi, kusapfeka zvakanaka & mutengo Zvishandiso: Φ2.4 ~ 3.6m simende zvigayo zveupfu, zvigayo, zvigayo zvesimbi, zvigayo zvesimbi, zvinopwanya mukati, masimbi egiredhi, masimbi egiredhi: jecha requartz, simende clinker, aggregate sandstone Zvakanakira: Kusagadzikana kupfeka kusagadzikana uye kusimba, kushingirira kusvika pakati nepakati, kunoenderana nekuoma & kunyorova kukuya, optimal cost performance Zvakaipa: Inferior kune Cr26 liners under ultra{5}}hard ores (basalt, emery high Explosion) {6} inoenderera mberi 5 ~ 8 makore, 1.5 ~ 1.8 nguva yakareba kupfuura Cr15 liner
4.3 Cr26 High Chromium Liner (Yakakwirira-End Wear Resistant Giredhi yeHeavy Abrasion)
Mamiriro Anoshanda: Kunyanya kusvuuka, kupisa kwakanyanya, acidic slurry, hombe-zvigayo dhayamita, zvinoramba zvichigadzirwa zvine high-kuomarara kwemidziyo Midziyo: Zvigayo zvihombe zvemamineral processing ball Φ Zvikuru kana kuenzana ne3.6m, vertical mill liner, high-masimbi anopisa yakakwira-yakanyorova yekukuya midziyo Mbishi: Basalt, yakakwirira-silicon quartz, hard metal ores, yakakwirira-temperature clinker, sulfur-ine acidic slurry Zvakanakira: Kupfeka kwepamusoro, kukwirisa kwepamusoro-kukwira kwepamusoro-kunyanya kutonhora, kusimba kweasidhi, kusimba kweasidhi kukurumidza groove kupfeka Zvakaipa: High upfront kutenga mutengo; Yakaderera kune gobvu-wall high manganese simbi pasi pesimba rinorema kubva kune yakawandisa zvinhu zvakawanda Zvinotarisirwa Hupenyu hweSevhisi: 7~10 makore, 2~3 nguva yakareba kupfuura Cr15 uye 1.4 ~ 1.7 nguva yakareba kupfuura Cr20 pasi penzvimbo imwe chete yekushanda
5. Liner Structure & Key Casting Technology
Molding Maitirwo: Yakarasika foam chaiyo kukanda kana resin jecha kukanda kune yakasanganiswa kuumbwa kwemavheji liner, akatsika ekusimudza liner, flat liner uye ekupedzisira evhavha liners. Cr26 zvinhu zvine hombe shrinkage rate, saka mold inoda yakawedzera shrinkage allowance.
Anti-Kutsemuka Dhizaini: Liner dzakakora kudarika 60mm dzakasanganiswa ne molybdenum uye vanadium kukwenenzvera chimiro chezviyo. Kutonhora kwemukati kunoiswa pamagetsi makuru kudzivirira kuparadzaniswa kwecarbide uye brittleness.
Installation Matching: Pre{0}}akachengeterwa mabhoti maburi eimwe-chidimbu chinotsiva. Zvichienzaniswa nepamusoro manganese simbi liners, yakakwirira chromium liners anogona kuva 15% ~ 25% mutete pasi akaenzana kupfeka kuramba mitemo, kuderedza mill mutoro uye simba kushandiswa.
6. Quick Material Selection Reference Tafura
表格
| Working Condition | Preferred Giredhi | Alternative Giredhi | Not Recommended |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chigayo chidiki chemarasha, kugaya kweraimu | Cr15 | Cr20 | Cr26 (Mutengo usingakosheswe wakakwira) |
| Standard simende chigayo, iron ore & aggregate yekugadzira mutsara | Cr20 | Cr26 (Nguva yakareba-yakazara-kukwanisa kugadzira) | Cr15 (Kakawanda kutsiva kunodiwa) |
| Chigayo chihombe chekugadzira zvicherwa,-chinodziya chakakwirira, chiri kukuya chine acidic wet, yakakwirira-silicon hard rock | Cr26 | Yakakora Cr20 | Cr15 |
| Bhini rekukuya rakakora rine ore yakawanda & inorema kukanganisa | High Manganese Steel Liner | Bimetallic Composite Yakakwira Chromium Liner | Pure Cr15/Cr20/Cr26 (Inoda kutsemuka pakona) |
| Zvakajairika-tembiricha yakaoma kugaya, bhajeti shoma yekugadzira nzira | Cr15 | Cr20 | - |
7. Operation & Maintenance Notes
Kukanganisa: Magiredhi matatu ese ari epakati-yakaderera kupfeka-zvisingachinjiki. Pamabhini ekukuya ane saizi yekudya yakawanda kupfuura 100mm, simbi yakakwira manganese kana bimetallic composite liners inoiswa pamberi kudzivirira kutsemuka kwepamusoro chromium liner.
Nzvimbo Inoora: Cr26 inosungirwa kuita sarufa-ine uye ine acidic slurry; Cr15 inotambura negomba corrosion iyo inomhanyisa abrasion.
Tembiricha: Cr26 chete ndiyo inochengetedza kushanda kwakagadzikana pasi petembiricha yenguva yakareba-yekushanda inodarika 350 degrees . Yenguva refu-sevhisi yekukwirisa{5}}inopfavisa Cr15 kuburikidza nekudzikamisa, kurasikirwa nekupfeka zvakapetwa kaviri.
Kuisa & Kugadzirisa: Welding uye kucheka kwehigh chromium liner hazvibvumirwi, sezvo tembiricha-yakakwira ichikonzera kutsemuka. Zadzai maburi pakati pemabhaudhi nekupfeka-kusingachinjiki panguva yekuisa kudzivirira kukukurwa kwezvinhu pamabhaudhi.
8. Mutengo & Yakakwana Benefit Summary
Cr15: Yakaderera kumusoro kwekudyara asi kazhinji kuvharika kwekutsiva. Inokodzera mafekitari madiki-anoshanda ane kuderera kwakaderera.
Cr20: Mutengo wakakwana wakazara, magadzirirwo akajairwa e80% simende zvirimwa uye zvimbambaira zviri pakati-zvidiki.
Cr26: Yepamusoro-nguva yekutenga mutengo asi yakapetwa kaviri kutsiva kutenderera. Miniminimuni yekushanda kwese uye mutengo wekugadzirisa kune yakakura inoenderera mitsara yekugadzira, zvakanyanya kucheka kurasikirwa kwehupfumi kunokonzerwa nekuderera kwekugadzira.
